Vigo County, pronounced (Ve-go), was officially formed in 1818 by order of the Indiana State Legislature. The county is named in honor of Col. Francis Vigo, of Italian heritage but a citizen of Spain due to residence in St. Louis. He is credited with great assistance to George Rogers Clark both in financing Clark's exploration and Revolutionary War efforts, and in service as an agent obtaining military information for Clark against British campaigns on the then frontier.

The county seat of Vigo County is Terre Haute with a population of 58,642 (2002 figures), and Vigo County including the City of Terre Haute has a population of 105,078 (2002 figures) which ranks Vigo County 16^th of Indiana's 92 counties. Vigo County has a population density of 206.5 persons per sq. mile with a median age of 35.

Vigo County is comprised of 403.3 sq. miles, in twelve townships, on the western border of Indiana and Illinois and is considered the Crossroads of America because the first two National East-West & North-South Highways, Hwy 40 and Hwy 41, cross in downtown Terre Haute.

Vigo County is home to nationally recognized colleges, Rose Hulman institute of Technology, St. Mary of the Woods College, Indiana State University, and Ivy Tech College. Vigo County is also considered a regional shopping area with stores shopping centers and specialty shops that draw people from the surrounding Indiana and Illinois counties.

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